Improvement in locks



J. J. DINNAN. Look.

YNo. 212,908. Patented Mar. 4,1879.

UNTTED STATESu NPATENT -"rrron.

JOHN J. DINNAN, or NnwnAvnNpOoN'NEoTioUT, AssieNon To 'HENRY ROGERS, OFsAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOcKs.

Speciiication forming part of Letters Patent No. 212,908, dated March 4,1879; application filed v January 6, 1879.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN J. IHNNAN, of

New Haven, in the county of Ne w Haven and State of Connecticut, haveinvented anew Improveinent'in Locks; and I do hereby declare thefollowing, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings andthe letters of reference marked thereon. tobe afull, clear, and exactdescription of the-same, and which said drawings constitute part of thisspecification, and represent, iii- Figure l, perspective view of thecylinder complete; Fig. 2, central section through the bolt; Figs. 3 and4, sectionall side views of the inner or rotatingcylinder; Fig. 5,`transverse section Fig. o', key. y

This invention relates to an improvement in that class ot' locks knownas tube or cylinder locks 7 that is to say, a rotating cylinder withinya stationary cylinder, and means for engaging the two, combined withtumblers. operated upon by the key todisengage the rotating cylinderfrom the ixed cylinder, and the rotating cylinder in connection with thebolt of the 1ock,`so that rotating the cylinder draws the bolt; and theinvention consists inV the construction, as hereinafter described, andmore particularly recited in the claims.

A is the stationary cylinder, which is made fast to the lock or door,and within this the cylinder B is arranged, the one concentric with theother, and so that the cylinder B may be turned within the outercylinder, A. From the rotating cylinder B a stem or spindle, (l, extendsto the bolt or mechanism ofthe lock, and so that the rotation ot' thecylinder B actuates the lock mechanism in the usual manner for thisclass of locks.

Therotating cylinder B has a mortise through it, in which lies the bolta, this bolt pivoted forward, as at a', and so as to be moved downward,as from the position in Fig. 3 to that in Fig. 4. This bolt c extends upand into a slot, I), in the stationary cylinder A, as seen in Figs. 2and 5, and when in Ithat position the two cylinders are engaged, so asto prevent the rotation of the inner cylinder; but when the bolt a ismoved down or drawn into its cylinder, asin Fig. 4, then the cylindersare disengaged and the inner may be turned.

`it from engagement with the stationary cylinder. Combined with thispivoted bolt are several tumblers, l 2 3, on one side, and 4 5 on` theother, more or less in number, pivoted in the cylinder near the lowerside of the nior- 'tise, as at c. These tumblers are provided each Ywithits own independent spring f, or other suitable spring, the tendency ofwhich is to force ther tumblers toward the key-hole,

vand preferably so as to bring them into the saine line before thekey-hole, as seen. in Fig. 3. One of the notches in each of the tumblersis made deeper than others, as at h, but at 'different relativepositions in diiferent tumblers. i

. 0n each side of the bolt, above the tumblers, is a stud,i', thethickness of which corresponds to the width of the notch h in thetumblers; hence, when the tumblers are all moved to suoli a positionthat the slits 71, in the several tuniblers come into line below thestuds t', as in Fig. 4,' then tliebolt-may be turned downward, the studs'i entering the slits h; but in any other position of the tumblers themovement of the bolt is impossible.

4To thus move the tumblers a flat key, such as seen in Fig. 6, is made,with shoulders at its ends corresponding to the respective tumblers,and'so that by pressing the key against the tumblers they will be movedto the position where the several notches h coincide. Then the shouldern on the key will strike the front edge of the bolt a, and a continuedmovement of the key will force the bolt down, disengaging the innercylinder from the stationary cylinder, and so that it may be turned bymeans of the key. The movi-ment of the key to turn the bolt c will atthe same time continue the movement of the tumblers; hence the notch hmust be of a shape corresponding to the path of the combined :movementof both bolt and tumblers, and not on a circle of which the pivot a ofthe bolt is the center, which would be the case were the tumblersstationary while the bolt is moving.

A sleeve, D, is placed over the cylinder, with a head, D', so as tosecure the inner cylinder in place longitudinally.

The tendency ofthe springs is to throw the key outward; hence, it isdesirable that the key should be secured While turning the cylinder. Todo this a stud, m, on one edge of the key passes through a notch, i", inthe head of the sleeve, which coincides with the keyhole iu the rotatingcylinder when the lock is in its normal condition; then, when the key ispressed inward and turned, this stud m rides against the inner face ofthe head D. and is prevented y,from being Withdrawn until the key-holeis returned to its normal position.

As thus far described, the device is applicable to spring or nightlocks; butin deadlocks--that is, in which the bolt is thrown or drawn soas to remain in either position-the movement of the rotating cylinderwould be but a half-revolution. In that case there must be a slot in thestationary' cylinder opposite the slot b, so that the bolt a Would enterthat slot when fully unlocked and the other slot when fullylocked and inorder to remove the key in that second position, there must be a notchin the head Dl opposite and corresponding` to the notch i", to releasethe stud m.

It will be understood that the tumblers need be arranged only on oneside; but both sides are preferable.

The bolt and tumblers, both pivoted to swing in parallel planes, and sothat both move under the same action of the key, may be applied to otherclasses ot' locks.

I claiml. The combination of the pivoted bolt with one or more tumblers,pivoted to swing in a plane parallel with the plane of the bolt, eachtumbler provided with a notch and the bolt with a stud, which, when thetumblers are turned by the key until the notch therein coincides withthe stud on the bolt, will permit the unlocking of the bolt by acontinued movement of the key, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a stationary cylinder,

an inner rotating cylinder, a bolt pivoted in the said rotating cylinderin a plane parallel with the axis of the cylinder, and so as toautomatically engage With a slot in the stationary cylinder, or beldisengaged therefrom by means of akey introduced to turn the said bolton its pivot, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a stationary cylinder, an inner rotating cylinder,a bolt pivoted in the said rotating cylinder in a plane parallel withthe axis of the cylinder, and so as to automatically engage with a slotin the stationary cylinder, or be vdisengaged therefrom by means oi' akey introduced to turn the said bolt on its pivot, and one or moretumblers, pivoted Within said rotating cylinder so as to move in a planeparallel with the plane of the bolt, each tumbler provided with a notchand the bolt with a stud, which, when the tumblers are moved by theintroduction of the key so that the notch in the tumblers coincides withthe stud on the bolt, both the bolt and tumblers will then be moved bythe same key, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a stationary cylinder, an inner rotating cylinder,a bolt pivoted in the said rotating cylinder in a plane parallel withthe axis ofthe cylinder, and so as to automatically engage with a slotin the stationary cylinder, or be disengaged therefrom by means of a keyintroduced to turn the said bolt on its pivot, and one or more tumblersupon each side of the bolt, pivoted within said rotating cylinder so asto move in a plane parallel with the plane of the bolt, each tumblerprovided with a notch and the bolt with a stud on each side, which, whenthe tumblers are moved by the introduction of the key so that thenotches in the tumblers coincide with the studs on the bolt, both thebolt and tumblers will then be moved by the same key, substantially asdescribed.

l JOHN J. DINNAN.

Witnesses:

HENRY S. NEWTON, CHARLES K. BUSH.

